THURMAN, Carl ; Univ. Northern Iowa: Osmoregulation in Fiddler Crabs: A Review Fiddler crabs are common in coastal habitats that differ greatly in salinity. To study water balance physiology in the genus Uca, thirteen species were collected from 86 locations ranging from 14 to 2080 mOsm along the shores of the Gulf of Mexico as […]

GOMES, FR; REZENDE, EL; BUNKERS, JL; RIVAS, DA; YASPELKIS, III, BB; GARLAND, JR, T; Univ. of Cal., Riverside; Univ. of Cal., Riverside; Univ. of Cal., Riverside; Cal. State Univ. Northridge; Cal. State Univ. Northridge; Univ. of Cal., Riverside; ; : Muscle Glucose Transporters (GLUT-4 ) and Glycogen Storage of Mice Selectively Bred for High Activity […]

ANDRES, D.L.; MACKIE, R.I.; SECOR, S.M.; ESPINOZA, R.E.; California State Univ., Northridge; Univ. of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign; Univ. of Alabama, Tuscaloosa; California State Univ., Northridge: Can the cost of diet switching explain the evolution of herbivory in reptiles? Herbivory is rare in reptiles and speculation on why herbivory has evolved spans more than 40 years. When […]

HAYES, JP; SHONKWILER, JS; University of Nevada, Reno; University of Nevada, Reno: Allometry, antilog transformations, and the perils of prediction on the original scale Allometric equations in the form of power functions, Y = aM b, have been used in thousands of papers. Important uses of allometric equations include predicting Y for species or individuals […]

BREWER, M.L.*; HERTEL, F.; California State University, Northridge; California State University, Northridge: Wing shape as correlated with flight behavior in pelecaniform seabirds. Tropical seabirds often traverse great distances in search of prey, therefore selection on wing morphology is likely to be intense. Wing morphology of five species of pelecaniform seabirds from Johnston Atoll in the […]

MILLER, L.A.*; PESKIN, C.S.; University of Utah; Courant Institue of Mathematical Sciences: Wing flexibility, clap and fling, and flight in the smallest insects The immersed boundary method was used to model rigid and flexible wings performing an idealized two-dimensional ‘clap and fling’ stroke. We calculated lift coefficients as functions of time for Reynolds numbers ranging […]

WALKER, Jeffrey A.*; SIMONS, Rachel S.; WEBER, Kenneth E.; Univ. Southern Maine, Portland: Selection for increased flight performance in Drosophila melanogaster A selection experiment on �upwind flight ability� in Drosophilia melanogaster has inadvertently created an elegant system to study the constraints on the evolution of muscle performance. Selected flies have increased their �mean apparent flight […]

HEDRICK, TL; Univ. of Washington: Low-speed turning kinematics of the rose-breasted cockatoo Maneuvering flight is a crucial component of the natural behavior of the majority of bird species. This study couples 250 Hz 3D kinematics with bilateral electromyograms (EMGs) from eight flight muscles to examine the aerodynamic and neuromuscular mechanisms birds employ to initiate and […]

ALTSHULER, Douglas L.; DICKSON, William B.; DICKINSON, Michael H.; Caltech; Caltech; Caltech: Kinematics, aerodynamics, and increased wing-wake interactions in the hovering flight of honeybees, Apis mellifera. During hovering flight, an animal�s wing tip velocity is a function of its wing length (R), wingbeat frequency (f) and stroke amplitude (Φ). f is inversely correlated with R […]

IRIARTE-DIAZ, J.*; LEE, M.-M.; Brown University; Brown University: Kinematics of slow turning maneuvering in bats Maneuverability is an important feature for flying animals as they need make turns to capture prey or move around in their environment. The fundamental mechanism used to maneuver during flight is the asymmetrical generation of aerodynamic forces by the wings. […]