HUSAK, J.F.*; Oklahoma State University: When Do Collared Lizards Use Maximal Sprint Speed? In order to understand how selection acts on performance capacity, the ecological role of the performance parameter being measured must be determined. Knowing if and when an animal uses maximal performance capacity may give insight into what specific selective pressures may be […]

NASSAR, P. N.*; CARRIER, D. R.; Univ. of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Univ. of Utah, Salt Lake City: Ventilatory patterns of guinea fowl Numida meleagris during terrestrial locomotion and evidence for gearing in the avian respiratory system While locomotor-respiratory entrainment has been observed in a number of exercising mammals and flying birds, no study has given a […]

TUCKER, S.C.*; BUTLER, M.A.; Univ. of Tennessee, Knoxville; Univ. of Tennessee, Knoxville: The Effect of Load on Burst Speed on the Lizard Iguana iguana The effect of load has a potentially important impact on animals� locomotion. Heavy loads may reduce initial velocity or acceleration to the point that an animal can no longer escape predators […]

ELLERBY, D.J.*; MARSH, R.L.; HENRY, H.T.; CARR, J.A.; Northeastern University, Boston; Northeastern University, Boston; Northeastern University, Boston; Northeastern University, Boston: How leg muscles respond to back and limb loading in running guinea fowl: clues about mechanical function from blood flow measurements Surprisingly little direct information is available on the mechanical function of the diverse array […]

MARSH, R.L.; ELLERBY, D.J.; HENRY, H.T.; Northeastern University, Boston, MA: Energetic costs of back and limb loading in guinea fowl. Loading studies have played a role in inferring the importance of various mechanical functions during running. Data showing a 1:1 relationship between the percentage increase in body mass and the percentage increase in gross metabolic […]

DALEY, M.A.; Harvard University, Bedford: Dynamics of ankle extensor function during stabilization in running guinea fowl How do animals maintain stability in the face of unexpected disturbances during locomotion? This study investigates how limb and muscle dynamics respond to sudden changes in substrate level during avian bipedal running. Guinea fowl ran along a runway with […]

RUBENSON, J.; BESIER, T.F.; HELIAMS, D.; LLOYD, D.G.; FOURNIER, P.A.; Univ. of Western Australia; Univ. of Western Australia; Univ. of Western Australia; Univ. of Western Australia; Univ. of Western Australia: 3D kinematics and kinetics of running in the ostrich (Struthio camelus) While several studies have enhanced our understanding of the mechanics of avian bipedalism many […]

BARON, M.P.; Univ. of New Hampshire: Retinoic Acid Stimulates Pigmentation Development In Summer Flounder: Insight Into Nuclear Receptor Dynamics This study examined the effect of retinoic acid (RA) on pigmentation development in summer flounder (Paralichthys dentatus). Flounder larvae were immersed in 5 and 10 nM concentrations of RA for a period of 10 days, and […]

BOLKER, J.A.; VAN CISE, A.; HAKALA, T.F.; Univ. of New Hampshire, Durham: Pigmentation development in summer flounder Flounders offer a remarkable opportunity to study the developmental patterning and differentiation of pigment cells. As in other ectotherms, overall pigmentation is based on the morphology and distribution of several types of chromatophores, of which melanophores are the […]

TANAKA, K; TRUMAN, JW; University of Washington: Morphogenesis of the adult legs in Manduca sexta: contribution of different larval cell populations The tobacco hornworm Manduca sexta, like most other insects with complete metamorphosis, makes two versions of thoracic legs. The relatively simple thoracic legs of the larva are formed during embryogenesis. All the epidermal cells […]