MAIN, R.P.*; DONOVAN, C.M.; BIEWENER, A.A.; Harvard University; Harvard University; Harvard University: Bone strain in the goat radius through ontogeny Do functional bone strain patterns remain uniform during ontogenetic growth? Previous results obtained for chickens (Gallus) suggest that this is the case; but to date no study has examined this for any other species. We […]

HERMANSON, J.W.*; DUCHARME, N.G.; BUTCHER, M.T.; BERTRAM, J.E.A.; Cornell Univ., Ithaca; Cornell Univ., Ithaca; Florida State Univ., Tallahassee; Florida State Univ., Tallahassee: Activity and function of equine digital flexor muscles. The function and morphology of equine forelimb digital flexor muscles was studied to assess their role in locomotion. Equine superficial (SDF) and deep (DDF) digital […]

LANDRY,, S.O.; SUNY Binghamton.: The Course of the Nasociliary Nerve- A Minor Mystery Solved. The nasocilary nerve in mammals takes a rather peculiar course. It branches from the ophthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve, and runs through the ethmoid foramen into the cranial fossa of the cranial cavity. Here the nerve pushes upward across the […]

DEWEL, R.A.*; SOLOMON, S.; BENEDICT, D.; DEWEL, W.C.; Appalachian State University, Boone, NC; Cornell University, Ithaca; The TSR Group, Denver; Appalachian State University, Boone, NC: New perspectives on arthropod characters: bridging gaps between the living and the dead The relationships of higher arthropod taxa remain obscure in part because of a paucity of both molecular […]

THOMPSON, J.T.*; VOIGHT, J.R.; University of North Carolina; The Field Museum of Natural History: First account of erectile tissue in an invertebrate animal: the Octopus copulatory organ The most familiar examples of erectile tissue are the genitalia of mammals, notably the penis and clitoris. Among the soft-bodied invertebrates, erectile tissue is virtually unknown, even in […]

PRICE, RM; University of Chicago: Constant function or random evolution: changes in the apertural ornamentation of fusiform neogastropods since the Cretaceous Columellar folds, ridges visible on the inner lip of a gastropod’s aperture, are useful in distinguishing species, but the evolution of folds has hardly been considered even though they evolved in at least 6 […]

HOLLIDAY, CH; WITMER, LM; Dept. of Biological Sciences, Ohio University; Dept. of Biomedical Sciences, Ohio University: Archosaur jaw muscle homology and evolution: extant data The jaw muscles of extant archosaurs have been well documented in numerous descriptive and functional studies. However, paraphyletic treatment of crocodilians and birds, poorly integrated descriptions of neighboring structures, and disparate […]

RAVOSA, M.J.; Northwestern U & Field Museum: Ontogeny and Phyletic Size Change in Extant and Extinct Malagasy Primates Recent Malagasy lemurs are notable for encompassing the range of body-size variation noted for all primates past and present – about 5 orders of magnitude. Benefiting from the close phylogenetic proximity of many larger-bodied subfossil taxa to […]

MOON, Brad; Univ. of Louisiana, Lafayette: Muscle Function and the Evolution of the Rattlesnake Rattling System Rattling by rattlesnakes is one of the fastest vertebrate movements and involves some of the highest contraction frequencies sustained by vertebrate muscle. The high performance tailshaker muscles of rattlesnakes can sustain contraction frequencies up to 100 Hz for minutes […]

CONRAD, J.L.; Univ. of Chicago: Morphology of Shinisauridae Compared with Other Anguimorpha (Squamata, Reptilia). Despite recent cladistic work, the interrelationships of the major anguimorph lineages (Carusioidea, Anguioidea, and Platynota) remain uncertain. Repeated errors concerning the anatomy of Shinisaurus significantly contribute to systematic difficulties. I discuss the published anatomical errors concerning Shinisaurus, its similarities with an […]