MUSSI, M.*; SUMMERS, A. P.; DOMENICI, P.: Gait transition speed, pectoral fin beat frequency, and amplitude in three species of surfperch (Embiotocidae). The swimming performance of fishes is related to several properties: the body form and surface texture, as well as the size of the animal, fin shape, beat frequency and amplitude of the pectoral […]

WESP, H. M.; GIBB, A. C.*: Do endangered razorback suckers have poor larval escape performance relative to introduced cold-water fishes? The escape responses of the razorback sucker, Xyrauchen texanus, and the rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss, were studied from the post-hatching larval stage to the early juvenile stage. Both species were reared and tested at 18 […]

POLK, J.D.: Limb length, body mass and musculoskeletal design The design of the musculoskeletal support system in terrestrial vertebrates is strongly influenced by body mass, with limb postures becoming more extended to moderate increased joint moments. Adaptive differences in limb proportions (e.g., between cursors and noncursors) should also influence joint moments and animals with longer […]

WALTER , Rebecca M: Kinematics of 90 Degree Running Turns in Wild Mice To gain insight on the turning kinematics of small mammals, I videotaped six adult wild mice from below at 250 Hz as they performed ninety-degree running turns. Five markings on the sagittal axis were digitized to allow observation of lateral bending and […]

GILLIS, G.B.*; FLYNN, J.P.; BIEWENER, A.A.: In Vivo Patterns of Strain and Activity in Thigh Muscles of Goats During Locomotion To date, studies of limb muscle function during terrestrial locomotion have focused largely on extensors acting at the ankle joint, and have often emphasized the nearly isometric behavior of these muscles when active. In contrast, […]

WUNDERLICH, R.E.*; SCHAUM, J.C.; KILKENNY, P.; SINOPOLI, M.C.: Hindlimb kinematics during bipedalism in Propithecus Propithecus is one of only a few primates to habitually travel bipedally when on the ground, yet little attention has been given to this mechanically challenging aspect of their locomotion. Vertical clinging and leaping (VCL) in indrid primates has been of […]

HUTCHINSON, J.R.*; FAMINI, D.; KRAM, R.; LAIR, R.: Do elephants run? We have recorded Asian elephants moving 50% faster than any previous documented report. Our kinematic data range from 0.5 m/sec to 6.1 m/sec for 16 individuals spanning ~500 – 5000kg body mass. Even at the fastest speeds, these elephants did not change their footfall […]

MCBRAYER, L.D.*; REILLY, S.M.: Testing amniote models of prey transport kinematics: a quantitative analysis of mouth opening patterns in lizards Two models have been proposed to describe the prey transport kinematics of terrestrial vertebrates (Bramble and Wake, 1985; Reilly and Lauder, 1990). The critical difference between the models is the presence or absence of a […]

LADUC, T. J.; DUDLEY, R.: Striking differences between six species of rattlesnakes? A comparative study into body size effects on the predatory strike of rattlesnakes The selective forces on ontogenetic scaling relationships within species may differ from the forces shaping allometric relationships among species. However, cranial measurements from a diverse assemblage of taxa suggest that […]

SMITH, T.L.; KARDONG, K.V.: Poststrike chemosensory trailing in rattlesnakes: Kinematics and function of tongue-flicking Rattlesnakes in the wild usually strike, envenomate, and release rodent prey. Released rodent prey dash off from the snake some distance before succumbing to the immobilizing, and eventually, lethal effects of the venom, leaving the snake with the task of recovering […]