Girard, I.*; McAleer, M. W.; Rhodes, J. S.; Garland, T., Jr.: Increased intermittency of locomotion in house mice selectively bred for high voluntary wheel running. After 21 generations of artificial selection for increased wheel running, female house mice (Mus domesticus) from replicate selection lines demonstrated greatly increased voluntary locomotion on running wheels (circumference 1.12 m; […]

Griffin, T.M.*; Garcia, S.; Wickler, S.J.; Hoyt, D.F.; Kram, R.: Determinants of the walk-trot transition and preferred walking speeds: Insights from intra-specific size comparisons of horses Much of our understanding of the effects of size on locomotion has come from inter-specific size comparisons (i.e. mouse-to-elephant). To control for phylogenetic and morphological differences associated with inter-specific […]

Norcliffe, H. R.*; Watts, P.; Carrier, D. R.: Comparative Study of Human Locomotion in Microgravity Because human locomotion evolved with the burden of gravity, locomotion is difficult in space. The absence of significant gravitational force could make human flight commonplace in a space station. To address this possibility, we analyzed mechanisms of animal locomotion applied […]

CARD, G.*; WEYAND, P.; BIEWENER, A.A.: Changes in Effective Mechanical Advantage of the Human Limb during Sprint Acceleration How do people go fast? Previous studies have examined the role of leg muscle force in relation to energy cost during running at various steady speeds, but few have addressed how the leg muscles contribute to accelerating […]

BHAGOOLI, R.; ARCHER, J.; ZIELKE, S.; TRAPIDO-ROSENTHAL, H.*: Zooxanthellae Released from the Coral Stephanocoenia intersepta During Heat-Induced Bleaching Have Elevated Levels of Nitric Oxide Synthase Activity Zooxanthellae (zoox) released from the coral Stephanocoenia intersepta during heat-induced bleaching possess elevated levels of nitric oxide synthase activity. Coral bleaching, in which corals lose their photosynthetic symbionts, is […]

OKAMURA, BETH; CURRY, ALAN; WOOD, TIMOTHY S.; CANNING, ELIZABETH U.: Worms to sacs: Buddenbrockia reveals bilaterian origins of the Myxozoa Buddenbrockia is an enigmatic, worm-like parasite of freshwater bryozoans which was first described in the 19th century. It has since been reported infrequently and its phylogenetic affinities have remained obscure. The discovery of Buddenbrockia parasitic […]

MEAGHER, S.*; DUDEK, S. N.: Physiological consequences of Trichinella spiralis (Nematoda) infection on oldfield mice (Peromyscus polionotus) Trichinella spiralis is a nematode parasite that infects many mammals, including humans. Significant physiological changes or death can result in the host due to acute inflammatory immune responses toward the parasite. Little research has been conducted on the […]

WILCOX, Thomas P.; SLOAN, Adrienne J.; BISSEL, J.: Experimental Evidence for the Evolution of Cheating in an Algal:Invertebrate Symbiosis The role of cheating symbionts in algal:invertebrate symbiosis has been largely ignored, but theoretical studies suggest they may play a significant role in the evolution of these associations. This is particularly true in symbioses in which […]

HUANG, H.-D.*; RITTSCHOF, D.; JENG, M.-S.: Are Anemonefish Lures? An experimental analysis of chemically and visually mediated anemonefish and grouper behavior Anemone fish display specific swimming behaviors when chemically stimulated by their anemone hosts (Murata et al., 1986). The present study tests if these behaviors function to lure anemone fish predators into becoming anemone prey. […]

DONG, Ying; FRIEDRICH, Markus; Wayne State University; Wayne State University: The effect of ecdysteroids on eye development in the grasshopper Schistocerca americana The metamorphosis of holometabolous insects is controlled by the steroids hormone ecdysone and the lipid juvenile hormone. Ecdysone is secreted from the prothorathic gland and converted in peripheral tissues to the active form […]