HICKMAN, C.S.: Comparative evolutionary, functional, and developmental morphology of the gastropod sensory epithelium Detailed comparative structural and ultrastructural data provide an essential foundation for novel integrative syntheses of functional morphology, ecology, evolution, and development. Analysis of gastropod epithelial structures demonstrates the role of new data in fulfilling the promise of integrative biology. At the microanatomical […]

KIMBLE, M.*; COURSEY, Y.; AHMAD, N.; HINSCH, G.W.: Behavior of the yolk nuclei during embryogenesis, and development of the midgut diverticulum in the horseshoe crab, Limulus polyphemus. Horseshoe crabs have existed for hundreds of millions of years, and have been the subject of study for decades, however there are still some significant gaps in our […]

ANGILLETTA, M.J.*; DUNHAM, A.E.; Indiana State Univ., Terre Haute; Univ. of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia: The temperature-size rule in ectotherms: simple evolutionary explanations may not be general In many organisms, individuals in colder environments exhibit slower growth but larger adult body size. This widespread pattern is embodied by two well-established rules: Bergmann’s rule and the temperature-size rule. […]

HART, M. W.*; PODOLSKY, R. D.; Dalhousie Univ.; Univ. of North Carolina, Chapel Hill: Phylogeny and life history evolution of Macrophiothrix brittlestars Macrophiothrix are a species-rich group of geographically widespread tropical brittlestars. Eighteen taxonomically well-characterized species are known from Australia. We inferred phylogenetic relationships among 12 Australian Macrophiothrix species using mitochondrial DNA sequences. Duplicate haplotypes […]

GOVINDARAJAN, A.F.*; CUNNINGHAM, C.W.; HALANYCH, K.M.; Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, MA; Duke University, Durham, NC; Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, MA: Life Cycle Evolution and Systematics of Campanulariid Hydrozoans (Cnidaria) The goal of this research is to understand evolution of life cycles and systematics in Campanulariid Hydrozoans (Cnidaria). Life cycle diversity is a hallmark of the […]

RAHMAN, Y.J.*; STRATHMANN, R.R.; Univ. of California, Riverside; Univ. of Washington: Does scarcity of sites for egg deposition limit reproductive success? Estimated mortality rates are higher for planktonic larvae than for benthic embryos of marine invertebrates, but these estimates do not include difficulties associated with deposition of a benthic egg mass. One limitation on deposition […]

CARD, G; DICKINSON, MH; California Institute of Technology; California Institute of Technology: Three dimensional kinematic analysis of flight initiation in Drosophila melanogaster One of the most complex and important maneuvers a fly must perform is the initiation of flight. Relatively little is known about how this action is achieved given the extreme rapidity of the […]

NAUWELAERTS, S.; AERTS, P.; University of Antwerp, Belgium; University of Antwerp, Belgium: Takeoff and landing forces in jumping frogs Most morphological adaptations in frogs are interpreted in the context of their propulsive ability. One selection pressure is their escape behaviour. The most common measure of performance for anurans is jumping distance. However, to escape is […]

PILARSKI, J.Q*; NISHIKAWA, K.C.; PIEROTTI, D.J.; Northern Arizona University; Northern Arizona University; Northern Arizona University: Motor Unit discharge during ballistic movements in an elite jumper, Osteopilus septentrionalis Motor unit (MU) discharge patterns during ballistic movements are almost entirely based on human studies in which fine wire or needle electrodes are inserted into superficial muscles under […]

SRYGLEY, R.B.; Smithsonian & Seoul National University: Locomotor mimicry and energetic costs of aposematic signaling in butterflies Bates hypothesized that some butterfly species that are palatable gain protection from predators by appearing similar to distasteful butterflies. When undisturbed, distasteful butterflies fly slowly and in a straight line, and palatable, Batesian mimics also adopt this nonchalant […]