DALEY, M.A.; CARD, G.; BIEWENER, A.A.: Effective Mechanical Advantage of the guinea fowl hindlimb during steady and variable speed running Animals live in an unpredictable environment and rarely move at constant speeds. Thus, muscle function under non-steady conditions (acceleration, deceleration) is a critical component of locomotor system design. Previous studies have suggested that, during steady […]

Hedrick, T.L.*; Tobalske, B.W.; Biewener, A.A.: 3D Kinematic Analysis of Lift Production Over a Range of Speeds in Ring-necked Doves and Cockatiels A central problem limiting our understanding of the aerodynamics of avian flight is the lack of 3D kinematic data of wing motion. The lift generated by a wing is proportional to 1) the […]

WARD, C. K.*; MENDONCA, M. T.: The Effect of Coal Fly Ash on Corticosterone, Testosterone and Weight in the Southern Toads, Bufo terrestris Southern toads (Bufo terrestris) are found during the breeding season at coal fly ash basins, which contain large concentrations of heavy metals, at the Savannah River Site, in Aiken, South Carolina. Toads […]

ZOZZARO, P.E.; CARR, J.A.: Peripheral Administration of Ovine Corticotropin-releasing Hormone Activates the Sympathetic Nervous System in Toads. Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) plays a key role in the regulation of stress and arousal associated behaviors in mammals, and contributes to hyperglycemia and activation of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) during stress. Work in mammals suggests that the […]

HAYWARD*, L.S.; WINGFIELD, J.C.: Laying Japanese Quail transfer corticosterone to egg yolk Exposure to maternal stress and elevated gluccocorticosteroids often has long term debilitating effects on developing mammals and fish. We addressed the question of how, if at all, elevated gluccocorticoids in the circulation of laying birds affect the development and phenotype of their offspring. […]

NEPHEW, B.C.; KAHN, S.A.; ROMERO, L.M.: Heart rate and behavior change independently of corticosterone following acute auditory and visual stressors Captive European starlings (Sturnus vulgaris) were subjected to five acute stressors: a visual stressor (strobe light), an auditory stressor (loud music), and disturbance by three different humans; their accustomed caretaker, an antagonist (the experimenter), and […]

�VERLI, �*; POTTINGER, TG; WINBERG, S: Effects of Selection for Stress Responsiveness on Behaviour and Brain Monoamines in Rainbow Trout Recent studies in mammals suggest that differences in behavioural stress responses are associated with consistent neuroendocrine and physiological traits, which result in individual stress coping strategies, or coping styles. We present evidence suggesting that differential […]

KROCHMAL, A.R.*; BAKKEN, G.S.; Indiana State University; Indiana State University: The ecology and phylogenetic distribution of facial-pit mediated thermoregulatory behavior among rattlesnakes (Crotalus and Sistrurus Pitvipers (Viperidae: Crotalinae) possess unique organs, called facial pits, which allow them to detect subtle temperature fluctuations within their environments. It was previously thought that these organs were used solely […]

COWART,, J.D.; Univ. of Florida, Gainesville: The Mating System of a Pterasterid Sea Star: Hermaphroditism, Sperm Storage, or Parthenogenesis? The eggs of the sea star Pteraster tesselatus are capable of developing to the juvenile stage without artificial fertilization, without evidence of sperm in the water, and without the elevation of a vitelline envelope. I offer […]

WYETH, R.C.; WILLOWS, A.O.D.; University of Washington; University of Washington: Integration of multiple sensory cues by the nudibranch mollusk, Tritonia diomedea, during navigation through its natural habitat Animals use a variety of senses to navigate through their environment. How do they integrate multiple senses to direct movement? The nudibranch Tritonia diomedea is an excellent candidate […]