BAKER, M.E.; Univ. of California, San Diego: Xenobiotics and the Evolution of Multicellular Animals Multicellular animals, which evolved about 700 to 1000 myr ago, contain many of the genes found in yeast and other protists. Important and necessary for the evolution of multicellular animals was the evolution of new pathways for intercellular signaling that regulated […]

POWELL, M/L; KAVANAUGH, S/I; SOWER, S/A; Univ. of New Hampshire: Reproductive Hormone Concentrations in the Atlantic Hagfish Myxine glutinosa Depletion of traditional fisheries stocks around the world has led to the development of nontraditional fisheries to replace lost income. The M. glutinosa has become the focus of a growing fishery in the North Atlantic. Currently […]

PROPPER, CR*; Northern Arizona University: Non-conventional Measures of Endocrine Disruption: From Orphan Nuclear Receptors to Pheromones Over the last decade, it has become clear that human-made compounds released into the environment are disrupting the endocrine systems of animals. Research has centered largely on direct steroidogenic or antisteroidogenic effects of these compounds with a recent focus […]

WASSER, S.K.; University of Washington: Integrating Physiological and Genetic Approaches for Landscape Conservation Physiological studies can contribute greatly to conservation. However, the complexity of natural environments over space and time, coupled with the extent of land use and other disturbances facing wildlife, often demand a large-scale analysis that is atypical of many physiological studies. Specifically, […]

CAREY , C.; University of Colorado, Boulder: How Physiological Methods and Concepts Can Be Used in Conservation Biology Conservation Biology is dedicated to the study of the causes of species declines and the determination of ways to save threatened species. However, identification of causal mechanism(s) is difficult when a number of environmental factors vary continuously […]

WINGFIELD, J.C.; WALKER, B.; University of Washington; University of Washington: Field Endocrinology and Conservation Biology Field endocrinology techniques allow the collection of samples (such as blood, urine, fecal, tissue etc.) from free-living animals for analysis of hormones, receptors, enzymes etc. These data reveal mechanisms by which individuals respond to environmental challenges, breed, migrate and regulate […]

ISHII, Susumu; Waseda Univ., Tokyo: Endocrinological approaches to conservation biology using classic and modern techniques For captive and artificial breeding of the Japanese crested ibis or Toki, Nipponia nippon, we developed the following methods: non-invasive estimation of gonadal endocrine activity using fecal sex steroid analysis, hormonal treatments to induce ovarian development, ovulation and oviposition in […]

GUILLETTE, L. J.; IGUCHI, T.; University of Florida; National Institute Basic Biology, Japan: Aquatic Species in Ecosystems at Risk: Genomic Approaches for Assessing Normal and Abnormal Endocrine Responses There has been a dramatic increase in the data available on the genomic make-up of a number of species in the past decade. With the stimulus of […]

ROLLINS-SMITH, L.A.; Vanderbilt Univ. Med. Center: Antimicrobial Peptide Defenses in Amphibian Skin The skin of amphibians is critical for fluid balance, respiration, and for transport of sodium and other essential ions. It also serves as a barrier to entry of pathogens. One of the natural defenses in the skin is production of antimicrobial peptides in […]

GHALAMBOR, Cameron/ K; HUEY, Raymond/ B; MARTIN, Paul/ R; Colorado State University; University of Washington; University of Washington: Why mountain passes are higher in the tropics- revisited Organismal biologists have long been interested in how the abiotic environment shapes the physiology, ecology, and evolution of organisms. Yet, relatively few attempts have been made to develop […]