BISHOP, K.L.; Brown University: A physical modelling approach for determining the effect of shape on the aerodynamic forces generated by a flexible wing. Although it is generally accepted that bats evolved from arboreal gliders, there is an implicit assumption in the literature that gliding and flapping flight represent two separate adaptive zones. It is also […]

THOMSON, M.J.; MOUSTAKAS, J.E.; University of California; University of California: A morphological description of the nervous system of Bipes biporus Bipes biporus is a basal member of a group of highly specialized fossorial squamates called amphisbaenians. We describe the morphology of the nervous system of Bipes biporus using an antibody to acetylated alpha-tubulin, which recognizes […]

JOHANSSON, L. Christoffer; G�teborg University: A lift-based mechanism for foot-propelled diving in cormorants (Phalacrocoracidae)? To examine the hydrodynamic propulsion mechanism of a diving great cormorant (Phalacrocorax carbo), the kinematics was determined by digital analysis of sequential video images of the lateral view. During the acceleration phase of this foot-propelled bird, the feet move through an […]

BEE, M. A.; Carl von Ossietzky Universit�t, Oldenburg: A Test of the Dear Enemy Effect in the Strawberry Dart-poison Frog (Dendrobates pumilio) Territorial animals commonly exhibit lower levels of aggression toward familiar neighbors in their usual territories than toward non-territorial “strangers”. This form of social recognition, termed the “dear enemy effect” or “neighbor recognition” is […]

OLSON, Christopher; FARRAR, Eugenia; ADAMS, Dean; Iowa St. Univ.; Iowa St. Univ.; Iowa St. Univ.: A Morphometric Shape Analysis of Phenotypic Plasticity in Plains Spadefoot Toad (Spea bombifrons) Tadpoles Phenotypic plasticity may enable organisms to cope with unpredictable environments and resource availability. The feeding morphology and trophic niche of spadefoot toad (Spea bombifrons) larva is […]

COATES, K.A*; JANTZEN-MARSON, C.; MADEIROS, J.L.; MEYER, E.; Bermuda Biological Station; Bermuda Biological Station and Bermuda Department of Conservation; Bermuda Department of Conservation; Bermuda Biological Station and Rutgers University, Camden, NJ: West Indian topshell, Cittarium pica, reintroduction project in Bermuda: Current status The West Indian topshell, Cittarium pica, (Trochidae, Archaeogastropoda), a large snail found on […]

CREECH, J.E.; Florida State University: Variation in Crocodylian Enamel Microstructure Tooth enamel microstructure has been shown to be variable among mammals. Such variation has a major bearing upon whole tooth biomechanical function and may reflect gross-level phylogenetic signal. Although variation is substantial within reptilian lineages, comprehensive standardized sampling has not been done from which a […]

PETROV, A.*; HOOGE, M.; TYLER, S.; Univ. of Maine, Orono: Ultrastructure of sperms in Acoela and its concordance with molecular systematics The sperms of the Acoela, a group of lower flatworms, are filiform cells with two flagella incorporated into the cell body. Their axonemes can variously have 9+2, 9+1, or 9+0 patterns of microtubules; and […]

JOST, J.A.; HELMUTH, B.S.T.; Univerisity of South Carolina, Columbia; University of South Carolina, Columbia: Thermal stress in a Southern salt marsh: Effects of season, habitat, and body size on the body temperature of Geukensia demissa The Atlantic ribbed mussel, Geukensia demissa exhibits a large habitat range that extends along the Atlantic coast of the United […]

MARTINEZ, C.*; CARRENO, C. A.; NISHIKAWA, K. C.; Dine College, Shiprock, NM; Northern Arizona University; Northern Arizona University: The effect of prey size on feeding behavior in Xenopus laevis Frogs in the family Pipidae are fully aquatic and capture prey underwater. For these aglossal frogs, the typical anuran mode of lingual prey capture is not […]