WADA, M.; OTSUKA, R.; NISHIUMI, I.; Tokyo Med. Dent. Univ., Col. Lib. Arts Sci. ; Tokyo Med. Dent. Univ., Col. Lib. Arts Sci. ; National Sci. Museum, Dept. Zool.: Establishment of microsatellite probes and paternity analysis in polygynous Japanese bush warblers The Japanese bush warblers, Cettia diphone, are common species in Japan and have polygynous […]

DUFF, C.M.; FISH, F.E.; West Chester University, Pennsylvania; West Chester University, Pennsylvania: Enhanced Propulsion Using Undulation of the Elongate Tail of the South American Giant River Otter (Pteronura brasiliensis) The evolution of swimming modes in semi-aquatic and aquatic mammals has several transitional stages as locomotion becomes more energetically efficient. The South American giant river otter […]

BIKNEVICIUS, A.R.; STEVENS, N.J.; Ohio University College of Osteopathic Medicine; Ohio University College of Osteopathic Medicine: Energy balance or limb alignment? A look at the trailing and leading limbs of galloping dogs. Limb pairs in galloping animals are distinguished as leading and trailing by their position: although the trailing limb lands first, it occupies a […]

MARSH, R.L.; ELLERBY, D.J.; BUCHANAN, C.I.; CARR, F.A.; HENRY, H.T.; Northeastern University; Northeastern University; Northeastern University; Northeastern University; Northeastern University: Energetic cost of swing and stance phases during running as indicated by muscle blood flow. Discussions on the cost of swing versus stance phase during running have taken place largely in the absence of data […]

BECKHAM, Y.M.; NATH, K.; ELINSON, R.P.; Univ. of Toronto, Toronto; Duquense Univ., Pittsburgh: Eleutherodactylus coqui homologues of VegT and Vg1 and their localization during early development Eleutherodactylus coqui has a large 3.5 mm oocyte which allows it to develop directly to a frog without a tadpole. In the smaller Xenopus laevis oocyte, 1.3 mm in […]

MONETTE, Michelle/Y*; MCCORMICK, Stephen/D; Univ. of Massachusetts, Amherst; Conte Anadromous Fish Research Center, USGS: Effects of short-term, sub-lethal acid/aluminum exposure on seawater tolerance and endocrinology of Atlantic salmon smolts The acidification of rivers and streams, and the resulting elevated concentrations of dissolved aluminum (Al) have toxic effects on fish, including the disruption of ionoregulatory ability. […]

SPARKS, Garrett; BRAILOIU, Eugen; BRAILOIU, G. Cristina; DUN, Nae J.; TABOR , Jami; COOPER, Robin L.; Dept of Biol, Univ of KY; E Tenn St Univ; E Tenn St Univ; E Tenn St Univ; Sch of Med, Univ of KY; Dept of Biol, Univ of KY: Effects of m-CPP in altering neuronal function: Blocking depolarization […]

HEIDINGER, B. J.; GRINDSTAFF, J. L.; Indiana University; Indiana University: Effects of experimentally elevated in ovo testosterone exposure on early chick growth and cell mediated immunity in the Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica) Maternal effects may have profound influences on offspring phenotype. One such effect, the transfer of maternal androgens to eggs, may be an adaptive […]

SCHOLNICK, D.A.; BARABAS, A.E.*; Eckerd College; Eckerd College: Effects of chloride on glucose regulation in decapod crustaceans Animals must maintain blood glucose concentrations within a narrow range in order to maintain normal cellular function. In most species, the export of cellular glucose depends on the enzyme system glucose-6-phosphatase (G-6-Pase), which catalyzes the final step in […]

KRAJNIAK, K.G.; CORELY, C.; Southern Illinois Univ. Edwardsville: Effects of Alpha and Beta Adrenergic Agonists on the Earthworm Crop-gizzard Epinephrine and norepinephrine cause a dose-dependent increase in contraction amplitude of the isolated crop-gizzard of the earthworm, Lumbricus terrestris. To determine whether the receptor that mediates this response is similar to any of the mammalian adrenergic […]