DEBAN, S.M.; OTTERSTROM, J.; CARRIER, D.R.: The face that sunk the Essex In the 19th century, sperm whales (Physeter macrocephalus) were prized commercially for the high quality oil contained in their derived and greatly enlarged melon, known as the spermaceti organ, and also feared by whalers because of their aggressive behavior. Herman Melville’s (1851) fictional […]

LOPEZ, C.M.*; GORTON, M.J.; HOYT, D.F.; COGGER, E.A.; WICKLER, S.J.: The energetic cost and time of contact with added limb mass in trotting horses. Although the metabolic cost of accelerating and decelerating the limbs during terrestrial locomotion appears to be minimal, studies on humans and quadrupeds (dogs and horses) demonstrate a disproportionate increase in the […]

BANTA, M.R.: The effects of temperature on seed movement in the caching rodent, Merriam’s kangaroo rat The desert-dwelling rodent Merriam’s kangaroo rat (Dipodomys merriami) is known to manage cached seeds. Studies have documented individuals moving cached seeds within burrows or a testing arena. These studies suggest that kangaroo rats move seeds to areas of high […]

CLAUSSEN, D.L.*; LIM, R.; KURZ, M.; WREN, K.: The effects of slope, substrate, and temperature on the locomotion of ornate box turtles. Ornate box turtles, Terrapene ornata, from the Sandhills of NE, live in a habitat characterized by slopes, a fine sand substrate, and temperatures that can vary greatly. We examined the locomotor responses of […]

URAIQAT, CA; SOMERO, GN; FIELDS, PA: The effect of anthropogenic organic pollution on glutathione S-transferase activity in the bay mussel, Mytilus galloprovincialis Bioindicator organisms that accumulate toxins have an observable stress response to contaminants in the marine environment. We measured the activity of the detoxification enzyme glutathione S-transferase (GST) from the Bay Mussel (Mytilus galloprovincialis) […]

MEZOFF, S.; ISSBERNER, J.P.; TRIMMER, B.A.*: The control of Manduca proleg movements during crawling and grasping Despite being slow and energetically inefficient, crawling by soft-bodied larval arthropods is evolutionarily successful because it allows them to exploit specialized environmental niches. In particular, the ?swinging, discrete, big-footed? gait characteristic of caterpillar crawling is stable, does not need […]

ANDERSON, E.J.*; GROSENBAUGH, M.A.: The boundary layer and body wake of swimming squid Flow in the boundary layer and wake of swimming squid (L. pealei) was visualized using combined PIV and PTV. The squid swam in a flume at 0.25 – 2 body lengths per second (BL/s) (i.e. 9 – 62 cm/s; body lengths were […]

LLEWELLYN, M.A.*; ROBERTS, T.J.: The Work of Acceleration in Running Dogs It has been hypothesized that the majority of the work done during rapid accelerations in dogs originates from the pelvic limbs. During steady-speed running, the thoracic and pelvic limbs act like springs, absorbing and releasing work. Early in the step, the limbs perform negative […]

SCHOENFUSS, H.L.*; BLOB, R.W.: The Effects of Larval Development on Climbing Behavior in Hawaiian Freshwater Gobies Large waterfalls preclude most species of fish from colonizing Hawaiian freshwaters beyond the estuaries. Only three species of gobies are capable of scaling these obstacles, which they encounter during their amphidromous migration. Lentipes concolor and Awaous guamensis use rapid […]

CORLEY, C.A.*; KRAJNIAK, K.G.: The Effects of Catecholamines on the Isolated Earthworm Crop-gizzard The isolated crop-gizzard of the earthworm, Lumbricus terrestris, responds to a variety of neurotransmitters including acetylcholine, serotonin, and FMRFamide. Since catecholamines also can affect the motility of digestive tracts in other animals, we decided to examine the effects of the catecholamines dopamine, […]