Meeting Abstract
Gecko lizards can be found using arboreal, terrestrial, and rocky microhabitats with the assistance of their adhesive toe pads. Gecko adhesive pads are composed of modified ventral scales called scansors, each containing millions of microscopic hair-like structures called setae. Working in unison, setae cling to a substrate using van der Waals interactions to produce strong frictional and adhesive forces. To properly function, gecko setae are subject to multiple requirements, including self-cleaning, resisting clinging together, and performing on wet and dry irregular surfaces. Geckos must also efficiently detach their feet during locomotion. All of these requirements likely dictate gecko adhesive morphology, yet we find morphology to be highly variable within and between species with setal length varying 10-fold across species and nearly four-fold within individuals. Previous studies have used mathematical models to investigate setal mechanics with limited success likely due to intra-individual variation. As a result, we will use micro computed-tomography to build 3D reconstructions of the gecko adhesive system. These reconstructions will be used to conduct finite element simulations, digitally replicating setal behavior during attachment and detachment. With this approach, we can investigate the causal relationships between setal morphology and performance. These new techniques will allow us to build upon previous biomechanical models of gecko adhesion while incorporating aspects of variation never previously included. This project also highlights how interdisciplinary approaches can be used to strengthen our understanding of animal biomechanics, patterns of evolution and adaptation, and synthetic adhesives.
