Tiger salamanders (Ambystoma tigrinum) increase foot contact surface area on challenging substrates during terrestrial locomotion


SOCIETY FOR INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY
2021 VIRTUAL ANNUAL MEETING (VAM)
January 3 – Febuary 28, 2021

Meeting Abstract


74-9  Sat Jan 2  Tiger salamanders (Ambystoma tigrinum) increase foot contact surface area on challenging substrates during terrestrial locomotion Vega, CM*; Ashley-Ross, MA; Wake Forest University; Wake Forest University vegacm11@wfu.edu

Animals live in heterogenous environments which have a variety of substrates that differ in their roughness, texture, and other properties, all of which may alter locomotor performance. Despite such natural variation in substrate, many studies on locomotion use noncompliant surfaces that either are unrepresentative of the range of substrates experienced by species or underestimate maximal locomotor capabilities. The goal of this study was to determine the role of forefeet and hindfeet on substrates with different properties during walking in a generalized sprawling tetrapod, the tiger salamander (Ambystoma tigrinum). Adult salamanders (n=4, SVL =11.2-14.6 cm) walked across level dry sand, semi-soft plaster of Paris, wet sand, and a hard, noncompliant surface (table) – substrates that vary in compliance. Trials were filmed in dorsal and anterior views. Videos were analyzed to determine the number of digits and surface area (SA) of each foot in contact with the substrate. The SA of the forelimbs contacting the substrate was significantly greater on dry sand and plaster of Paris than on wet sand and the table. The SA of the hindlimbs contacting the substrate was significantly greater on dry sand than on all other substrates. There were no significant differences in the time that the fore- or hindfeet were in contact with the substrate as determined by the number of digits. We conclude that salamanders modulate the use of their feet depending on the substrate, particularly on dry sand which is known to increase the mechanical work and energy expended during locomotion owing to the fluid nature of its loose particles. More studies are needed to test a wider range of substrates and to incorporate behavioral data from field studies to get a better understanding of how salamanders are affected by different substrates in their natural environment.

the Society for
Integrative &
Comparative
Biology