A pervasive property of biological systems that is thought to structure patterns of morphological diversification is a modular organization among anatomical components. Modularity may facilitate the emergence of evolutionary novelties by allowing some integrated subsets of traits to follow quasi-independent evolutionary trajectories. Among wrasses (Labridae), one highly consequential morphological innovation is the modification of the oral jaws into a beak-like structure in the parrotfishes, as it allowed these species to effectively expand their dietary niche to also include hard coral skeletons. Here, we explore some of the consequences associated with the appearance of the beak in parrotfishes on patterns of phenotypic evolution for various elements of the cranium. We compiled a three-dimensional morphological dataset of cranial osteological structures and used geometric morphometrics to quantify skull shape variation across 158 wrasse species. We then applied phylogenetic comparative methods to compare patterns of morphological integration and disparities between parrotfishes and other wrasses. We found that parrotfishes exhibit a number of changes in their integration patterns relative to other wrasses: integration is increased among the oral jaw bones (i.e. dentary, maxilla and premaxilla), whereas integration is reduced between the elements of the hyoid apparatus and most other cranial structures. Moreover, all osteological structures examined were more morphologically disparate in parrotfishes compared to other wrasses. These differences may reflect an increased modularity of the parrotfish cranium, possibly owing to functional considerations associated with a shift in prey capture method from suction feeding to primarily biting.