The innate floral template of a generalist pollinator


SOCIETY FOR INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY
2021 VIRTUAL ANNUAL MEETING (VAM)
January 3 – Febuary 28, 2021

Meeting Abstract


93-12  Sat Jan 2  The innate floral template of a generalist pollinator Mishra, A; National Center for Biological Science, Bangalore, India aditi.niser@gmail.com

For pollinators, identifying flowers is essential for survival. But how do pollinators distinguish flowers from other objects in a world inundated by visual and olfactory cues. Further how do they distinguish suitable flower from all available flowers? And how do solitary generalist pollinators do that within hours of emergence? They identify the flowers with accessible floral rewards within a few hours of emergence with no learning or memory of flowers, and no social cues. This is no trivial task. To understand the algorithms behind this hard identification task that pollinators perform seamlessly, we explored the innate floral choices of the generalist pollinator Eristalinus aeneus . Eristalinus aeneus are robust, cosmopolitan, and solitary pollinators. They are found in diverse biomes and floral niches across the world. By employing a combination of field and laboratory observation, chemical and visual analysis, and 3-D printing techniques, we identified an object consisting of a few olfactory and visual cues attractive to multiple hoverflies, including E. aeneus. E. aeneus perform directed flights, slow down, hover, land and extend proboscis to this artificial flower in a manner similar to real flowers. By sequentially perturbing the visual and olfactory cues of this artificial flower, we find that naïve Eristalinus aeneus use a simple multimodal template to find flowers. Flies require olfactory cues to identify flower objects, but visit a wide range of contextual odors equally. Naïve hoverflies also show a small preference for flower shape and a high preference for brightness and reflectance in the greenish-yellow spectral range (540-580 nm). Combined, these seemingly general cues are broad enough to help these pollinators visit and forage from several classes of flowers but are specific enough to reject non-floral objects.

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