Identifying morphological convergence is important for understanding adaptive evolution because it shows that distantly related organisms can evolve similar structural solutions to ecological problems. However, the extent to which ecologically-driven convergence can overcome distinct evolutionary histories is unclear. The mammalian forelimb is frequently used as an example of convergent evolution because mammals with similar locomotor strategies often exhibit similar skeletal morphologies. Here, we use forelimb measurements from 201 mammalian species to examine the prevalence and strength of morphological convergence among locomotor modes and to test whether convergence is more pronounced among locomotor specialists than among generalists. We employ evolutionary model-fitting analyses and two metrics of convergence. Our results indicate that incomplete convergence is more prevalent than complete convergence, suggesting that ecologically-driven convergence does not overcome distinct evolutionary histories. Further, our results do not support the hypothesis that locomotor specialists (e.g., subterranean fossorialists and gliders) demonstrate greater morphologically convergence than generalists (e.g., terrestrialists and arborealists). These results highlight that although mammals with specific locomotor modes tend to share some skeletal traits, phylogenetic inertia and functional tradeoffs unaccounted for by discrete ecological categories maintain morphological differences and prevent complete convergence.