The post-anal tail is a key feature in vertebrates that plays a fundamental functional role. In arboreal taxa, tails aid in balance, stability, and reorientation. The enhanced maneuverability provided by the tail is especially important for arboreal locomotion due to the habitat structure, which often contains narrow, discontinuous, and unstable supports. Arboreal squirrels tend to have longer tails than their non-arboreal counterparts as they are more effective than shorter tails in aiding in maneuverability and stability. Fox squirrels (Sciurus niger) use the tail primarily to aid in navigation of terminal branches while feeding and foraging. This study focuses on the differences in tail length between male and female fox squirrels; we predicted that females exhibit relatively longer tails compared to males due to gestational increases in body mass related to transport of young in utero and during lactation. We measured tail length, body length, and body mass of 38 squirrels trapped on Saint Mary’s College Campus between May and July 2019. Our results indicate no statistical difference in male and female tail lengths. Lack of statistically significant differences in tail lengths between male and female fox squirrels may be attributed to the relatively small sample size. To substantiate the findings of this study, we plan to expand the sample size through additional data collection. Future work may explore comparisons of the balancing abilities of male and female fox squirrels during arboreal locomotion.