Swimming in thrust wakes implications for fish schooling dynamics


SOCIETY FOR INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY
2021 VIRTUAL ANNUAL MEETING (VAM)
January 3 – Febuary 28, 2021

Meeting Abstract


18-8  Sat Jan 2  Swimming in thrust wakes: implications for fish schooling dynamics Thandiackal, R*; Lauder, GV; Harvard University; Harvard University rthandiackal@fas.harvard.edu

It has long been hypothesized that schooling in fish is linked to hydrodynamic advantages. Past studies have found that trailing individuals exhibit reduced tail beat frequencies and that they consume less energy at those trailing positions. Together with previous work on computational simulations these studies on live fish demonstrate energetic benefits of swimming in schools. Most research has focused on the benefits of swimming in reduced velocity (drag) wakes shed by pairs of upstream fish but wakes inside fish schools also include regions with higher mean flow (thrust wakes) than in the free stream. Here we investigate the effects of thrust wakes on fish swimming behavior using an experimental approach and quantify the locations chosen by swimming downstream fish. We emulated fish-like thrust wakes using a mechanical flapper, which allowed us to generate an inverse Karman vortex street and increased mean flow speed occurring at fish-like Strouhal numbers between 0.2 and 0.4. We then recorded the movements of fish swimming in these fish-like wakes and collected data that includes 1) longer term fish position and midline kinematics of fish swimming under these conditions for different flow speeds captured over 20-30 minutes each, and 2) flow field visualizations using particle image velocimetry in the most frequently observed swimming positions. These experiments are expected to reveal both preferred swimming positions in thrust wakes and to provide a better understanding of the underlying hydrodynamic mechanisms in fish schools.

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