Snail-fur symbionts microscopic comparison of two species of ectosymbiotic peritrich ciliates (Ciliophora cf Scyphidia spp) from freshwater snails


SOCIETY FOR INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY
2021 VIRTUAL ANNUAL MEETING (VAM)
January 3 – Febuary 28, 2021

Meeting Abstract


P39-11  Sat Jan 2  Snail-fur symbionts: microscopic comparison of two species of ectosymbiotic peritrich ciliates (Ciliophora: cf. Scyphidia spp.) from freshwater snails Stormer, HG*; Proctor, HC; University of Alberta; University of Alberta hstormer@ualberta.ca https://hproctorlabuofa.blog/

Freshwater snails host a diverse array of symbionts, including many protists. Examination of snails from the families Physidae, Lymnaeidae and Planorbidae from Alberta, Canada, revealed transparent “fur” covering the body and tentacles of some individuals; others had similar green material lining the inside of the pulmonary cavity (lung). SEM images revealed the “fur” to be peritrich protists potentially from the genus Scyphidia (hereafter we use ‘scyphidia’ as a common name) with the color in green individuals due to symbiotic algae resembling Chlorella. The clear scyphidia are morphologically similar to Scyphidia physarum Lachman; the green scyphidia appear to be an undescribed species. SSU rRNA from the green scyphidia from Alberta was 99% identical to snail-associated scyphidia in Massachusetts – the only previous observation of this species. TEM, SEM and histology showed consistent morphological differences, suggesting the two scyphidia are different species rather than one species with and without algal symbionts. Both seem to cause little to no snail tissue damage at the attachment site; attachment appears to be aided by protrusions of the scopular tissue into gaps between snail epithelial cells. Examination of snails from 8 sites in Alberta suggest that clear scyphidia are common (all sites) and green scyphidia are relatively rare (4 sites). Both are found on Physidae and Planorbidae and can co-occur on the same snail; clear scyphidia also occur on Lymnaeidae. Each is specific to a region on the snail, with the green scyphidia in the left side of the lung and clear scyphidia on the body and tentacles. When the snail hosts were kept in the dark, results were mixed as to whether each kind of scyphidia remained or disappeared.

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