23-10 Sat Jan 2 Skin morphology and microstructure in the elephant trunk Sordilla, S*; Schulz, A; Hu, D; Brown University, Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology; Georgia Tech, School of Mechanical Engineering, Atlanta, GA; Georgia Tech, Schools of Mechanical Engineering and Biological Sciences, Atlanta, GA sophia_sordilla@brown.edu
The skin of the elephant trunk must satisfy many functions: it must shield from the sun, protect against vegetation, and be flexible to allow the trunk to stretch. However, little is known about the morphology and micro-structural properties that help enable these tasks. In this experimental study, we dissect trunk samples from a deceased African elephant (Loxodonta Africana) and perform staining and second-harmonic imaging microscopy. The dorsal epidermis is ten times thicker than ventral epidermis in order to protect the trunk from the elements and physical contact with objects. We identify orientation of collagen fibers throughout the trunk, in particular in wrinkles and folds, and hypothesize how their directionality relates to the mobility of the trunk. Overall, the elephant skin bears similarities to human plantar skin in that morphology and composition play distinct and complimentary roles in allowing a broad range of functions of the trunk.