12-8 Sat Jan 2 Roles of body and tail angles on metachronal swimming performance Price, CT*; Ford, MP; Santhanakrishnan, A; Oklahoma State University; Oklahoma State University; Oklahoma State University askrish@okstate.edu http://www.appliedfluidslab.org
Freely-swimming crustaceans such as krill can swim individually and also in large schools, being able to rapidly maneuver in all directions using a swimming technique called metachronal paddling. Metachronal paddling involves the out-of-phase stroking of closely spaced limbs starting from the back to the front of the animal. A number of factors, including phase lag and stroke amplitude can affect metachronal swimming performance, and various species have been observed to flex their abdomen and tail in order to vector the thrust to rapidly maneuver. Also, the body angle has been observed to be altered in Antarctic krill for varying gaits. However, no studies to date have quantified how changing body angle and tail angle impacts swimming performance and underlying flow field characteristics. Using high-speed videography and time-resolved planar particle image velocimetry measurements on a dynamically scaled paddling robot, we examined how variation of the body and tail angles impact swimming performance, wake momentum, and angle of the wake. Increasing the angle between the tail and the longitudinal axis of the body resulted in orienting the wake more vertically, as well as slightly decreasing the total momentum of the wake. Changing the body angle resulted in larger changes in wake angle and swimming speed. The implications of the observed flow fields on behavorial needs such as feeding and schooling will be discussed.