Infectious diseases can have both short- and long-term behavioral and physiological effects on hosts, even after the infection has cleared. Thus, diseases experienced before breeding could have lasting impacts on parental reproductive behavior and physiology that ultimately shape the developmental environment of offspring. We previously documented that female canaries with more severe pathology during a recently cleared infection with the bacterial pathogen Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) lay heavier eggs and increase investment in parental care behaviors, suggesting that the severity of disease pathology experienced during a recent infection could drive investment in the subsequent breeding attempt. In the present study, we examined how maternal disease history influences offspring responses to infection by infecting juvenile offspring from control and MG-exposed mothers and characterizing their cellular and serological responses to MG infection. When exposed to MG, offspring from mothers that experienced a recent infection tended to have greater disease pathology than offspring from control mothers. While we observed post-infection shifts in antibody levels and white blood cell differentials in offspring from both control and infected mothers, offspring from MG-infected females had immune responses that resolved more quickly than offspring from control females. Additionally, offspring from mothers that experienced more severe disease pathology during a recent infection had stronger antibody responses to MG. This suggests that the severity of disease pathology experienced by mothers during recent infections could shape how future offspring respond to infection. This work will increase our understanding of how maternal infection shapes offspring traits relevant to disease susceptibility and disease transmission.