Vaginal non-patency is a state in which the vagina is closed or fully sealed to the external world. Vaginal patency is unique among African giant pouched rat (Cricetomys ansorgei) females, in that patency can be delayed well past adulthood and it is reversible, independent of photoperiodic cues. In addition to altered genital morphology, non-patent females have smaller uterine horns and cervixes (traits that are generally associated with reproductive quiescence). Because non-patent females are obviously unable to copulate, we hypothesized that they would signal their reproductive state to potential mates and competitors. We predicted that patent females would scent-mark more, and that the composition of their scent marks would differ from non-patent females. We compared urine metabolites from non-patent and patent females using HPLC-MS. We found that non-patent and patent females differed in their metabolomic profiles, and discovered that the non-patent females’ urine metabolome became relatively more similar to the patent females once these non-patent females had transitioned to patency. However, non-patent and patent females did not differ in their rates of scent marking, or the types of scent marks they made. Thus, patent and non-patent African giant pouched rat females do not alter signaling behavior, but they do have altered signal composition that likely informs competitors and mates. Given that non-reproductive females engage in scent marking, we posit that scent marking in this species may have evolved for territory maintenance and identity signaling.