P21-4 Sat Jan 2 Feeding currents of upside-down jellyfish: role of oral arm structure George, N*; Gaddam, MG; Santhanakrishnan, A; Oklahoma State University; Oklahoma State University; Oklahoma State University askrish@okstate.edu http://www.appliedfluidslab.org
Cassiopea medusae, commonly called upside-down jellyfish, are found in shallow marine environments. Their morphology includes a bell with eight oral arms that consist of multiple secondary mouths. These animals are mostly sessile and are found with their bells resting upside-down on the substrate, with their oral arms directed towards the sunlight. Capture of particulate nutrients and incorporation of zooxanthellae are needed for the growth and reproduction of Cassiopea. Previous studies have shown that Cassiopea bell pulsations serve to entrain water from the surroundings and transport it through the oral arms. An upward jet was observed above the medusa throughout the bell pulsing cycle. What remains unclear is whether three-dimensionality of the bell motion or the elaborate oral arm network helps in maintaining the upward jet. We examine whether oral arms are needed for maintaining a continuous upward jet, in order to identify how this structure impacts feeding currents. 3D particle tracking velocimetry (PTV) measurements (shake-the-box method) were conducted on multiple Cassiopea individuals in a laboratory aquarium. 3D PTV measurements showed the formation of a vortex ring at the end of bell contraction and persistent unidirectional flow above the bell, even in experiments where oral arms were excised. To examine how the oral arm structure impacts prey capture, additional experimental studies were conducted using brine shrimp larvae as particles introduced in the water. Flow generated near the oral arms and implications on prey capture will be discussed.