Effects of urbanization on the nestling nutrition of song sparrows


SOCIETY FOR INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY
2021 VIRTUAL ANNUAL MEETING (VAM)
January 3 – Febuary 28, 2021

Meeting Abstract


P23-9  Sat Jan 2  Effects of urbanization on the nestling nutrition of song sparrows Vandiest, IJ*; Lane, SJ; Sewall, KB; Virginia Tech, Blacksburg; Virginia Tech, Blacksburg; Virginia Tech, Blacksburg ivandiest@vt.edu

Urbanization presents new challenges to organisms that persist in modified habitats. Urban environments can have reduced biodiversity, altered nutrient availability, and thus, species that persist in urban habitats may have access to less nutritious food or less food overall. Previous work has found that arthropod communities upon which many songbirds rely during breeding are of lower trophic levels in urban environments. A study in crows found that urban nestlings had lower plasma protein and calcium relative to rural nestlings. To determine how urbanization might impact food availability and nutritional quality for song sparrows, a common North American songbird found in both rural and urban habitats, we completed arthropod surveys 5 times during the breeding season and measured circulating whole protein and calcium levels from 64 urban and 25 rural nestlings across 3 rural and 3 urban sites. We found that our urban study sites had lower arthropod biomass, lower ratios of nutritionally rich orders (e.g. Aranae) and fewer arthropods overall compared to rural sites. Despite differences in arthropod communities we did not find differences in nestling plasma protein across habitats. Rather, protein increased with age (p=0.0176). Calcium was higher in urban areas (p=0.0082), but there was an inverse relationship between age and circulating calcium in urban habitats (p=0.0123) such that older nestlings had less calcium. These data suggest that urban habitats, though harboring fewer arthropods, may not be nutritionally limiting and that nestlings receive equal and presumably adequate nutrition in both habitats. Future studies will compare diet by measuring what parents are feeding young, and will consider other measures of nestling nutrition by measuring free fatty acids, glucose, and triglycerides.

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