Effects of urban land use on bird vocalizations


SOCIETY FOR INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY
2021 VIRTUAL ANNUAL MEETING (VAM)
January 3 – Febuary 28, 2021

Meeting Abstract


P26-3  Sat Jan 2  Effects of urban land use on bird vocalizations Krishnan, AG*; Meyers, D; Long, H; Foltz, S; Reed College, Portland, OR; Radford University, Radford, VA; Radford University, Radford, VA; Radford University, Radford, VA anagkrish@reed.edu

Animals that use vocalization as a primary means of communication are impacted by urbanization. These impacts are caused by higher levels of low-frequency ambient noise, which can mask vocalizations, and the layout, structure, and material of buildings, which can influence the way sound travels and is absorbed. The majority of current literature focuses on urbanization as a spectrum from rural to urban, and this approach has led to significant findings, notably correlating increased background noise with higher vocalization frequency. However, potential variation within urban soundscapes due to differences in building type, size, and density, as well as in vegetation structure, and resulting impacts on birdsong, are less understood. We conducted a preliminary investigation of how variation in physical and acoustic properties within urban environments may shape bird vocalizations, recording data in two separate urban locations, one on each coast of the U.S. We sampled across four distinct urban environments (suburbs, city parks, college campuses, and downtown business districts) on each coast. Due to the exploratory nature of this project, we sampled all bird vocalizations within a two minute period rather than focusing on a specific species. Songs, calls, and syllable types were manually extracted from the recordings with RavenPro, and a clustering algorithm was developed to group similar syllable types. While data analysis is still ongoing, preliminary analyses support the results of previous studies, with higher frequency vocalizations in noisier locations. This approach to studying urbanization will hopefully allow a deeper understanding of how environmental variation impacts animal communication and ways that species such as songbirds can respond to noisy urban environments.

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