Does female songbird odor vary by blood parasite identity or parasite load


SOCIETY FOR INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY
2021 VIRTUAL ANNUAL MEETING (VAM)
January 3 – Febuary 28, 2021

Meeting Abstract


62-1  Sat Jan 2  Does female songbird odor vary by blood parasite identity or parasite load? Talbott, KT*; Soini, HO; Novotny, MV; Ketterson, ED; Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN; Institute for Pheromone Research, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN; Institute for Pheromone Research, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN; Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN kmtalbot@iu.edu

Variation in individual odor has become an active area of study in songbird ecology. What factors influence odor variation, and what information might such variation convey to potential receivers? For female dark-eyed juncos (Junco hyemalis hyemalis) in the early spring, conspecifics and vectors of disease are potential receivers assessing individual odor. We asked whether overall odor composition (that is, the relative proportions of volatile compounds found in junco preen oil) varies significantly between juncos naturally infected with malaria-causing haemosporidian parasites and uninfected juncos. Preliminary results suggest no significant relationship between host odor and the presence of haemosporidian infection. However, haemosporidian genera vary in transmission ecology as well as host virulence. Therefore, we focused further inquiry on the relationship between mosquito-borne Plasmodium parasites and host odor, as Plasmodium often causes greater impacts on songbird fitness compared to other haemosporidian genera. Therefore, we asked whether odor composition varies between uninfected and Plasmodium-infected juncos. In addition, we asked whether odor composition varied with parasite load in infected birds, which we predicted to be the case if host metabolic pathways influencing odor are impacted by parasitism in a dose-dependent manner. We will discuss our findings in the context of volatile cues known to be detectable by Plasmodium vectors as well as host conspecifics.

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