Bipolarity is a well-known phenomenon of single, closely related, or even unrelated marine families, genera, or species found exclusively on high latitudes or on high latitudes and the deep-sea of the tropics. The bipolar distribution patterns may have developed differently among groups and may include one of many explanations (e.g. Relict Theory and its modifications, Contemporate migrations, deep-water migrations, etc). The order Actiniaria has eight families and 12 genera with bipolar distributions. Among these bipolar genera, Halcampoides includes large, burrowing anemones that are easily distinguished by their unique morphology (i.e. six pairs of mesenteries and 12 tentacles). The genus initially included one species with bipolar populations spread across the North Atlantic, Mediterranean, the Arctic, and Antarctica. After taxonomic changes and species reassignments, Halcampoides is currently comprised of two valid species: type species H. abyssorum in the northern hemisphere and H. purpureus from Antarctica. Halcampoides spp. have very uniform morphologically, as is the case for most genera with bipolar species which are primarily differentiated by geography. We combine morphology (anatomy, microanatomy, micro-CT scanning), molecular data (nuclear and mitochondrial markers, and mitochondrial genomes), and cnidae to provide reliable species identification and discern broader biogeographic patterns and evolutionary processes. We also discuss the implications of our findings for the taxonomy of the family Halcampoididae, the evolution of burrowing anemones, and the bipolar phenomenon in Order Actiniaria.