Apolar mode of gastrulation leads to the formation of polarized larva in a marine hydroid, Dynamena pumila


SOCIETY FOR INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY
2021 VIRTUAL ANNUAL MEETING (VAM)
January 3 – Febuary 28, 2021

Meeting Abstract


47-8  Sat Jan 2  Apolar mode of gastrulation leads to the formation of polarized larva in a marine hydroid, Dynamena pumila Vetrova, AA*; Bagaeva, TS; Saidova, AA; Kupaeva, DM; Kraus, YA; Kremnyov, SV; Institute of Developmental Biology RAS, Moscow; University of Vienna, Vienna; Moscow State University, Moscow; Institute of Developmental Biology RAS, Moscow; Institute of Developmental Biology RAS, Moscow; Moscow State University, Moscow lalavetrova@gmail.com

In cnidarians, canonical Wnt (cWnt) signaling patterns the primary oral-aboral body axis and controls oral identity during larval body plan formation. In many cnidarians, it also specifies a single region of gastrulation morphogenetic movements, and embryo morphology is coupled with axial molecular patterning throughout so-called polar gastrulation. But in numerous hydrozoan cnidarians, no morphological landmarks indicate an embryonic polarity during gastrulation. The question remains whether сWnt signaling controls morphogenetic processes involved in apolar gastrulation. We focused on the embryonic development of Dynamena pumila, the hydrozoan species with apolar gastrulation. In D. pumila, gastrulation proceeds as a peculiar variation of mixed delamination. We revealed that the first signs of morphological polarity appear only after the end of gastrulation. However, molecular prepatterning of the embryo does exist. In situ analyses of oral markers Wnt3, Axin, and TCF demonstrated that a region of cWnt activity exists in the middle of gastrulation, although the exact direction of the primary body axis is not determined yet. We have shown experimentally that molecular axial patterning is highly robust in D. pumila. Our results suggest that morphogenetic processes are uncoupled from molecular axial polarity until the late gastrula stage in D. pumila. Investigation of D. pumila might significantly expand understanding, how morphological polarization and axial molecular patterning are linked in Metazoa. The work is supported by RFBR, 20-04-00978a.

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